Explanation
This question, in using the word "suggests," could require
us to make a subtle inference about Klein's theory, understand a detail, or
just apply a basic understanding of the theory. Since we have no detail to
latch onto, we can start by comparing the answer choices with what we know
about Klein's theory. Scanning the answer choices, (A) describes defending
against attacks. While the first paragraph mentions attacks, they are not the
question that the author sets for the passage and answers with Klein's theory,
which is, how and when is expert intuition valid? So (A) is out. (B) is out, because we get no information or implication that
firefighters knew what Klein put in his theory. Choice (C) is hardly the
central point of Klein's theory, but it may be accurate. We can look for
grounding in the passage. In line 25, the passage says, "the commander was
observed to think of one option..." Since they are observed to think, we have found justification against answer choice (C), so (C) is out. Choice (D) is squarely in
the scope of what the passage discusses--when expert intuition is "to be
trusted" (line 13). Also, the fact that author draws conclusions based on the
theory implies that the theory is of use. We don't know whether Klein is the
only one to have conducted such research, but this answer choice has support
and should stay in. Choice (E) sounds plausible, but we don't have enough
information about other decision-making methods, which could contain rare but
exceptionally good methods. And Klein studies when expert intuition "works at
its best" (line 16), not when it is the
best or whether it is the best.
Therefore, (E) is out.
The correct answer is (D).
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